Organotin toxicity
 TOXICITY Occurrence)
Organotin chemistry is the scientific study of the synthesis and properties of organotin compounds or stannanes, which are organometallic compounds containing tin carbon bonds. The first organotin compound was diethyltin diiodide ((CH3CH2)2SnI2), discovered by Edward Frankland in 1849. … Zobacz więcej Organotin compounds are generally classified according to their oxidation states. Tin(IV) compounds are much more common and more useful. Organic derivatives of tin(IV) The … Zobacz więcej Organotin compounds can be synthesised by numerous methods. Classic is the reaction of a Grignard reagent with tin halides for example tin tetrachloride. An example is … Zobacz więcej An organotin compound is commercially applied as stabilizers in polyvinyl chloride. In this capacity, they suppress degradation by removing allylic chloride groups and by absorbing hydrogen chloride. This application consumes about 20,000 tons of tin each … Zobacz więcej • Organostannane addition • Tributyltin azide • Carbastannatranes Zobacz więcej Important reactions, discussed above, usually focus on organotin halides and pseudohalides with nucleophiles. In the area of organic synthesis, the Stille reaction is considered important. It entails coupling reaction with sp -hybridized organic halides (e.g. Zobacz więcej The toxicities of tributyltin and triphenyltin derivatives compounds are comparable to that of hydrogen cyanide. Furthermore, tri-n-alkyltins are Zobacz więcej • National Pollutant Inventory Fact Sheet for organotins • Industry information site • Organotin chemistry in synthesis Zobacz więcej WitrynaAgency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registration Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registration. Search. Submit. For a full list of topics: A-Z Index. ... (NPL) and are targeted for long-term federal clean-up activities. Tin and organotin compounds have been found in at least 214 and 8, respectively, of the 1,662 current or former NPL ...
Organotin toxicity
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Witryna17 lip 2024 · The studied bottom sediments contain organotin compounds in amounts (∑OTs from 5.7 to 123 ng/g) exceeding the permissible international standards, which can have a toxic effect and lead to ... Witryna3 mar 2014 · Organotin (Ot) compounds, used for many years as antifouling biocides on ships, marine structures and fishing nets, became a problem, because of their toxicity and environmental accumulation . The movement towards global regulation began in October 2001, when the International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopted the …
WitrynaTaylor & Francis Online: Peer-reviewed Journals WitrynaOrganotin compounds are ubiquitous contaminants in the environment. The high biological activity of some compounds toward aquatic organisms lead to deleterious impacts in aquatic ecosystems. Here, the aquatic ecotoxicology of organotins is reviewed based on a multidisciplinary approach involving environmental chemical, toxicological, …
Witryna16 mar 2010 · However, such organotin compounds are very toxic. They have mutagenic as well as carcinogenic effects. They are harmful not only for humans but also for … WitrynaSignification de organotin dans le dictionnaire anglais avec exemples d'utilisation. Synonymes et antonymes de organotin et traductions de organotin dans 25 langues. ... further definition of the use of biomarkers that can delineate organotin toxicity in mussels; • studies to define levels of organotin compounds that exist in foodstuffs; ...
WitrynaThe presence of organotin compounds as pollutants in the aquatic environment has initiated some toxicity studies in fish species. In Poecilia reticulata (guppy), the thymus is among the organs most sensitive to TBTO (exposure to water levels above 0.03 μg/liter during 1–3 month exposure studies) and DBTC (at levels of 320 μg/liter or higher).
WitrynaToxicity: Trimethyltin chloride and other organotin compounds are highly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact. Trimethyltin chloride can cause irritation and burns of the skin and eyes. Organotin compounds can affect the central nervous system. The degree of toxicity is greatest for compounds with three or four alkyl groups attached ... puacaltanissettaWitrynaMechanism of Toxicity. Organotin compounds exert a number of cellular, biochemical, and molecular effects, and toxicity is primarily influenced by bioavailability of the toxicant, route of exposure, and the level and time course of exposure. Both di- and trialkyltin compounds are potent inhibitors of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. bappeda aceh tengahWitrynaMechanism of Toxicity. Organotin compounds exert a number of cellular, biochemical, and molecular effects, and toxicity is primarily influenced by bioavailability of the … bappeda banyuwangiWitrynaThe toxicity of selected tin compounds is reviewed. Over the years, a variety of uses has been found for organic and inorganic tin compounds, as fungicides, as stablizers in … bappeda aceh timurWitryna20 sty 2024 · Organotin poisoning mainly leads to two major symptoms. One is hypokalemia: organotin can significantly increase the content of potassium in the … pua toolWitryna8 mar 2024 · NF-κB knockdown or pharmacologic inhibition enhanced CYP3A activity might enhance DBDCT clearance and reduce organotin toxicity in the liver. Additional efforts should be made to develop measures to counter the inhibitory action of DBDCT against CYP3A to potentially relieve the problem of organotin accumulation and … puakea ehukaibappashota youtube